The major ablution, also known as “ghusl,” represents a fundamental act of purification in Muslim practice. This sacred ritual, which involves a complete washing of the body, occupies a central place in the spiritual life of the faithful. Its proper practice allows one to attain the state of ritual purity necessary for many acts of worship.
Distinction between minor and major ablutions (ghusl)
The ghusl differs from minor ablutions due to its comprehensive and thorough nature. This major purification requires washing the entire body. The Sunnah, the teachings of the Prophet, provides the authentic method for performing the major ablution, notably transmitted by Aisha.
The ghusl is also distinguished from minor ablutions by not being performed before every prayer, while minor ablutions are. Purification is essential for prayer. Therefore, the believer must have performed minor ablutions to perform the salat.
Detailed Description of the Major Ablution
To perform the major ablution in accordance with the prophetic tradition, the believer begins by pronouncing the formula “Bismillah” (In the name of God). Intention is essential for performing any act of worship.
The process begins with washing the hands, followed by a meticulous intimate purification. Then come the complete minor ablutions, including rinsing the mouth and nose, washing the face and limbs, and passing wet hands over the head.
The major ablution requires making water reach the roots of the hair and the entire body. The believer pours water three times over the head, ensuring water reaches every part of the body, starting from the right side. They must also not forget less accessible areas like the navel or armpits.
Situations requiring the ghusl
Several situations require performing the ghusl. For both men and women, it is obligatory after sexual intercourse, the emission of semen, or conversion to Islam. Women must also perform this ritual at the end of menstruation and postpartum periods.
The practice of the major ablution extends beyond obligations. It is strongly recommended before Friday prayer, the two Eid festivals, or before the pilgrimage to Mecca. These moments are opportunities to strengthen spirituality through complete purification.
Importance of ritual purity
The state of major impurity, which requires the major ablution, imposes restrictions on the faithful. They cannot touch the Quran, perform prayer, or stay in a mosque before purification.
The Quran and the Sunnah highlight the considerable merits of performing ablutions. Hadiths state that purification erases sins and opens Paradise to those who do it sincerely. This spiritual dimension transcends physical cleansing, linking bodily cleanliness and soul elevation.
